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Age and contribution period, François Ruffin

Arduous work: C2P replaced by one free quarter for every four contributed in an arduous job

Direction of change: increase, compared with current law.

The lever. Taking arduous jobs into account to retire earlier: criteria used (carrying loads, night work…), occupational account, early retirements. Direction rule: ↑ arduous work better recognised (factors, early retirement).

« Nous voulons réformer le dispositif actuel de prise en compte de la pénibilité dans le calcul des droits à la retraite, en sortant de la logique individuelle du C3P et en lui substituant l’octroi automatique de trimestres supplémentaires : pour quatre trimestres cotisés dans un métier exposé à la pénibilité, un trimestre supplémentaire de retraite sera accordé. »1

Translation by the editorsWe want to reform the current scheme for taking arduous work into account in the calculation of pension rights, moving away from the individual logic of the C3P and replacing it with the automatic granting of additional quarters: for four quarters contributed in a job exposed to arduous conditions, one additional pension quarter will be granted.

Encoding

No cost-schedule parameter for this position: see the costing for the reason.

Costing

Announced by the candidate

not announced

The programme does not cost this measure.

Published costings

none

No external costing of this position recorded to date.

Our calculation

not costed

Precise rule (one quarter granted for every four contributed), but the occupations « exposés à la pénibilité » [“exposed to arduous conditions”] are not defined: nothing to cost without a list or headcount.

Current law, sources and limits of the cost schedule

Current law. Occupational prevention account (C2P), 6 factors since the 2017 ordinances, which removed manual handling of loads, arduous postures, vibrations and chemical agents. The points allow retirement to be brought forward by up to 2 years, hence from 62 since the 2023 Act. For ergonomic factors, the 2023 Act created a fund for investment in the prevention of occupational wear and tear (FIPU), financed by the occupational injuries and diseases branch (AT-MP).

Horizon. 2030 horizon, €bn per year. No recent costing exists for 2032.

Limits. Low confidence: the sources are 9 to 12 years old. The impact assessment of the 2014 law gave €2bn in 2030 (€2.5bn in 2040) for the entire 10-factor account (18.2% of workers exposed): as an upper bound for only the 4 factors removed in 2017, it overstates. Rexecode gave €1.7bn for a doubling of beneficiaries (figure read in the Institut Montaigne page, the Rexecode study has not been found). The lower bound, about €0.3bn in 2050 (2017 euros), is the costing cited by Montaigne for a broadening of the scope. The cost depends mainly on the exposure thresholds and the use of the points: early retirement, training or part-time work. The share funded by the AT-MP (occupational accidents and diseases) branch is not pension spending. No figure read gives the current amount of the C2P or the FIPU.

How to read these amounts. These are static costs and revenues, with no feedback effect, over a full year: nothing on growth, employment or the revenue that economic activity would gain or lose. A higher net cost does not on its own make a worse policy, nor net savings a better one: each programme rests on an economic model (demand-led stimulus, lower compulsory levies, consolidation of the public accounts…) that the cost schedule does not settle. GDP itself measures a volume of activity, not well-being or the usefulness of what is produced. Economic models and feedback effects.

This lever in the method · Costing for François Ruffin

  1. Cahier « Pour les travailleurs essentiels ». Read the programme page.

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