Immigration, Marine Tondelier
Birthright citizenship and nationality: Birthright citizenship guaranteed, end of the special regime in Mayotte
Direction of change: increase, compared with current law.
The lever. Access to French nationality for children born in France to foreign parents, and naturalisation rules. Direction rule: ↑ broader access to nationality by birth on French soil.
« Garantir l’application du droit du sol pour les enfants nés en France indépendamment de la situation des parents. Supprimer le régime dérogatoire à Mayotte. Faciliter l’obtention de la nationalité française. »1Translation by the editorsGuarantee the application of birthright citizenship (droit du sol) for children born in France regardless of their parents’ situation. Abolish the derogatory regime in Mayotte. Make it easier to obtain French nationality.
Encoding
No cost-schedule parameter for this position: see the costing for the reason.
Costing
Announced by the candidate
not announced
The programme does not cost this measure.
Published costings
none
No external costing of this position recorded to date.
Our calculation
lever that cannot be costed
Lever with no coefficient in the cost schedule: the position is compared, not costed.
Current law, sources and limits of the cost schedule
Current law. Code civil: double jus soli (art. 19-3, child born in France to a parent who was also born in France) and acquisition of nationality at majority for a child born in France to foreign parents, with residence (art. 21-7). Special regime in Mayotte: since the act of 12 May 2025, both parents must have resided lawfully in France for at least one year at the time of birth (only one if parentage is established only with respect to that parent). The Constitutional Council upheld it with a reservation, and the implementing texts were published in May 2026.
Horizon. Not applicable.
Limits. No static budgetary effect. Abolishing the droit du sol (birthright citizenship) nationally would probably require a revision of the Constitution: the Constitutional Council accepted the Mayotte regime only because of the « spécificités » [“specific characteristics”] of that territory. Articles 19-3 and 21-7 of the Civil Code are cited without a link to the text (Légifrance was not accessible during the research). The date of the law differs between sources (12 or 13 May 2025: date of the law or of its publication in the JO, the official journal).
- Conseil constitutionnel, décision n° 2025-881 DC du 7 mai 2025, loi visant à renforcer les conditions d’accès à la nationalité française à Mayotte (§ 2, § 20 et dispositif), 2025-05-07: « d’étendre aux deux parents d’un enfant né à Mayotte la condition de résidence régulière en France à la date de naissance de l’enfant et, d’autre part, de porter la durée de cette résidence de trois mois à un an […] lorsque la filiation de l’enfant n’est établie qu’à l’égard d’un seul parent, cette condition s’applique uniquement à ce dernier […] Sous la réserve énoncée au paragraphe 22, la loi […] est conforme à la Constitution. »
- Maire-info, « La loi durcissant le droit du sol à Mayotte promulguée avec une petite réserve du Conseil constitutionnel », 2025-05: « Résidence régulière d'un an des deux parents exigée (au lieu de trois mois pour un seul parent depuis 2018), sauf famille monoparentale (relevé dans le résumé de recherche) »
- Mayotte Hebdo, « Droit du sol à Mayotte : la réforme de 2025 devient effective »: « Décret et arrêté publiés en mai 2026 pour tenir compte de la réserve du Conseil constitutionnel (relevé dans le résumé de recherche) »
How to read these amounts. These are static costs and revenues, with no feedback effect, over a full year: nothing on growth, employment or the revenue that economic activity would gain or lose. A higher net cost does not on its own make a worse policy, nor net savings a better one: each programme rests on an economic model (demand-led stimulus, lower compulsory levies, consolidation of the public accounts…) that the cost schedule does not settle. GDP itself measures a volume of activity, not well-being or the usefulness of what is produced. Economic models and feedback effects.
- Pour une prospérité écologique, programme des Écologistes, p. 178. Open the document at this page.
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