head to head
Two programmes side by side
Loading the comparison…
Direction of change, relative to current law: increase; decrease; unchanged; abolition of a scheme; creation of a scheme; change of another kind, or uncertain direction.
Wages and SMIC (minimum wage)
- Net monthly SMIC (minimum wage)Rousselincrease: SMIC raised to €1,700 net, 5% increase in all wages (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannincrease: €1,600 net within two years (2025 plan, not reconfirmed in 2026) (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Wage increases and indexationRousselincrease: Restore the sliding scale: all wages indexed to prices (public statement by the candidate)GlucksmannNo position recorded
- Profit sharing (participation, intéressement)RousselNo position recordedGlucksmannother change: PS programme: profit-sharing ≥ dividends; contributions on high incomes (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
Unemployment
- Unemployment, work period required to qualify for benefitsRousseldecrease: Repeal the unemployment insurance reforms (back to 4 months' work) (document of the candidate’s party or movement)GlucksmannNo position recorded
- Unemployment, max. benefit durationRousselincrease: Repeal the unemployment insurance reforms (document of the candidate’s party or movement)Glucksmannincrease: Repeal Macron’s unemployment insurance reform (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Benefit amount and taperingRousselincrease: Repeal the unemployment insurance reforms (2019-2021 calculation) (document of the candidate’s party or movement)Glucksmannincrease: Repeal Macron’s unemployment insurance reform (read as the 2019-2021 one) (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
Minimum incomes and benefits
- RSA (minimum income), amount and conditionsRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannincrease: PS programme: unconditional RSA, paid automatically (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Family allowancesRousselincrease: Return to a universal family policy (document of the candidate’s party or movement)GlucksmannNo position recorded
Early childhood and old age
- Nurseries and childcareRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannincrease: Public early-childhood service, enforceable right to childcare (encoding being checked) (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Old age and long-term careRousselincrease: Loss of autonomy covered 100% by social security (document of the candidate’s party or movement)Glucksmannincrease: A Grand Âge (old age) law, more staff in care homes (EHPAD), better-paid jobs (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
Age and contribution period
- Legal retirement ageRousseldecrease: Retirement at 60 (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmanndecrease: 62 after repeal of the 2023 reform, no return to 60 (public statement by the candidate)
- Contribution periodRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannunchanged: PS programme: 43 years of contributions, reduced according to job arduousness (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Arduous workRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannincrease: Arduous work: earlier retirement for wearing jobs, later for some executives (public statement by the candidate)
Pension amounts
- Minimum pensionRousselincrease: No pension below the SMIC « quand on a travaillé toute sa vie » [“when you have worked all your life”] (public statement by the candidate)GlucksmannNo position recorded
- Pension indexationRousselunchanged: Pensions indexed to inflation (against the 2027 budget freeze) (document of the candidate’s party or movement)GlucksmannNo position recorded
Taxation of pensioners
Income tax and CSG
- Income tax scaleRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannincrease: Differential contribution on the highest incomes (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- CSG (general social contribution)Rousseldecrease: Lower CSG (2026 budget debate), with no rate or base (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmanndecrease: Lower the CSG on wages, funded by large inheritances (public statement by the candidate)
- Flat-rate levy on capital (flat tax)Rousselincrease: Social contributions on financial income and dividends (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannincrease: PFU raised to 34%, end of the wiping out of unrealised capital gains (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
Tax expenditures, subsidies and fraud
- Tax and social security expendituresRousselNo position recordedGlucksmanndecrease: Abolish ineffective tax expenditures, with no list (encoding being checked) (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Public aid to businessesRousseldecrease: Take back control of the €211bn in aid: rules and savings (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannother change: Redirect the €211bn of public aid to businesses (public statement by the candidate)
- Tax and social security fraudRousselincrease: Tax fraud: prison, loss of civic rights, community service « pour les moins pires » [“for the least bad”] (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannincrease: PS programme: more staff and tools against tax fraud (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
Wealth and inheritance
- Wealth tax (IFI, ISF)Rousselincrease: Restore the ISF (wealth tax); Zucman tax (signed statement, October 2025) (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannincrease: Tax the largest fortunes (public statement by the candidate)
- Inheritance and gift taxRousselother change: Inheritance: increase on the largest, exemption below €200,000 (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannincrease: Tax the top 1% of inheritances; Place publique: end of the Dutreil pact (encoding being checked) (public statement by the candidate)
Consumption
- VATRousseldecrease: VAT from 20% to 5.5% on electricity, gas and fuel (« urgence énergétique » [“energy emergency”]) (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannincrease: End of VAT exemptions for polluting transport (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Taxes on fuel and energyRousseldecrease: Cut in petrol taxes, demanded with no amount (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannunchanged: No general cut in petrol taxes; energy voucher extended (€4bn) (public statement by the candidate)
Business taxation
- Corporate income taxRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannother change: PS programme: corporate income tax made progressive, in favour of SMEs (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Taxation of digital giants and multinationalsRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannincrease: Targeted rise in the GAFAM tax, no rate given, for a digital agency (encoding being checked) (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Windfall profits and share buybacksRousselincrease: Tax oil profits, fuel frozen at €1.60 a litre (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannincrease: Tax oil companies’ windfall profits to fund fuel aid (public statement by the candidate)
- Financial transaction taxRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannincrease: PS programme: global tax on financial transactions (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
Debt and public spending
- Public deficit targeted for 2032RousselNo position recordedGlucksmannother change: Deficits cut over five years by a « contrat de stabilité » [“stability contract”], no target (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Level of public spendingRousselincrease: €100bn-a-year pact by 2030: invest rather than make savings (public statement by the candidate)GlucksmannNo position recorded
- Handling of the debtRousselother change: Get the ECB to lend to States at zero, even negative, rates (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmanndecrease: Debt reduction path over five years (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
School
Higher education and research
- Access to higher educationRousselother change: Abolish Parcoursup, create places in higher education (document of the candidate’s party or movement)Glucksmannother change: Rethink Parcoursup through a consultation (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Research, share of GDPRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannincrease: PS programme: R&D at 3% of GDP in 2030, of which at least 1% public research (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
Health
- Where doctors set up practiceRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannother change: Support for setting up practice, mixed practice, group care practices (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Public hospitalsRousselincrease: Massively develop public hospitals and health centres (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannincrease: End of fee-for-service pricing in hospitals, better pay for carers (encoding being checked) (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Medical deductiblesRousselabolition: Abolish medical deductibles and flat-rate charges, aim for 100% social security (public statement by the candidate)GlucksmannNo position recorded
- Extra-billing by doctorsRousselabolition: End extra-billing by doctors (public statement by the candidate)GlucksmannNo position recorded
- End of lifeRousselunchanged: In 2022, wanted a bill that could legalise euthanasia; law passed in 2026 (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannunchanged: PS programme: assisted dying law (since passed), more palliative care (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
Housing
- Rent controlsRousselincrease: Organised reduction and tighter regulation of public and private rents (document of the candidate’s party or movement)Glucksmannother change: Rent controls in areas of high housing pressure (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Social housingRousselincrease: SRU quota raised to 30% in urban areas, 200,000 social homes a year (document of the candidate’s party or movement)Glucksmannincrease: Higher annual social housing targets, no figure (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
Security and justice
- Police and gendarmerie numbersRousselincrease: 60,000 police officers, investigators, customs officers and judges (€2.5bn) (public statement by the candidate)GlucksmannNo position recorded
- Prisons and sentencesRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannother change: Against prison overcrowding: tailored sentences and renovated prisons (encoding being checked) (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Violence against women and childrenRousselincrease: Comprehensive law on sexual violence « et surtout les 3 milliards » [“and above all the 3 billion”] (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannincrease: Major plan against sexist and sexual violence, one billion euros (encoding being checked) (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
State and civil service
- Numbers and pay of civil servantsRousselincrease: Civil servants' index point raised by 30%, immediately (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannincrease: PS programme: pay rises for public employees, tenure for contract staff (encoding being checked) (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Public broadcastingRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannother change: Strengthen public broadcasting and media independence (encoding being checked) (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
Climate
- Emissions cut by 2030, compared with 1990RousselNo position recordedGlucksmannunchanged: −55% emissions in 2030 and −90% in 2040, European targets (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Energy renovations per yearRousselincrease: Up to 900,000 whole-building energy renovations a year in 2032 (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannincrease: MaPrimeRénov’ relaunched and simplified, no quantified target (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Adaptation to climate changeRousselincrease: After the heatwave: more firefighters, massive aid to municipalities, schools, care homes (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannincrease: Make adaptation a national mobilisation, more money for fire services (SDIS) (public statement by the candidate)
Energy
- New nuclear reactorsRousselincrease: 20 EPR2s and 12 small modular reactors by 2050 (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannother change: Build new units on time, no number (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Wind and solarRousselunchanged: Develop solar and wind, without a mainly renewable mix (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannincrease: Multi-year investment plan in renewables (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Existing nuclear fleetRousselunchanged: Extend the 56 reactors to 60, even 70 years (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannunchanged: Ensure the safety of existing nuclear power plants (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Electricity prices, European marketRousseldecrease: Exit from the European market, electricity and gas cut by 30% (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmanndecrease: Lower prices, part of the bill at production cost, 2024 tax cancelled (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
Agriculture and trade
- Floor prices, farm incomeRousselcreation: Floor prices covering production costs, regulated margins (document of the candidate’s party or movement)Glucksmanncreation: Remunerative floor prices, end to circumventions of EGalim (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- PesticidesRousselNo position recordedGlucksmanndecrease: Ban glyphosate, neonicotinoids and the most harmful pesticides (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Common Agricultural PolicyRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannother change: End of per-hectare payments, capped payments (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Free trade agreements (Mercosur)Rousseldecrease: Do not apply free-trade treaties, CETA and Mercosur (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmanndecrease: Against the EU-Mercosur agreement, mirror measures on agricultural imports (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
Industry and investment
- Additional public investment, per yearRousselincrease: Future pact: €500bn borrowed over 5 years by the CDC and Bpifrance (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannincrease: More public investment, national and local, for the transition (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Industrial aid and reshoringRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannother change: Public procurement geared towards buying local (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Nationalisations and privatisationsRousselincrease: Nationalise the banks, strategic industries and TotalEnergies (public statement by the candidate)GlucksmannNo position recorded
Transport
- Everyday transportRousselincrease: Free public transport in the metropolitan areas (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmannincrease: Ticket climat: single fixed-fare pass, first for young and precarious people (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- RailRousselincrease: €10bn more a year for rail (public statement by the candidate)GlucksmannNo position recorded
Institutions
- Voting system for legislative electionsRousselcreation: Introduce a « proportionnelle réelle » [“real proportional representation”] (document of the candidate’s party or movement)Glucksmanncreation: Immediate proportional representation, preferably by regional constituencies (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Citizens' initiative referendum (RIC)RousselNo position recordedGlucksmanncreation: Citizens’ initiative for local and national referendums (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Article 49.3 and revision of the ConstitutionRousseldecrease: New Republic: end of presidentialism, stronger Parliament (document of the candidate’s party or movement)Glucksmanndecrease: Investiture of the Prime Minister and constructive no-confidence vote, end of Article 49.3 (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Voting ageRousselunchanged: Against votes at 16 (youth questionnaire, 2022) (public statement by the candidate)Glucksmanndecrease: Voting at 16, probably only in local elections (ambiguous sentence) (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
Immigration
- Labour immigration and residence permitsRousselincrease: Regularise undocumented workers, women and men (document of the candidate’s party or movement)Glucksmannincrease: Regularise undocumented workers (public statement by the candidate)
- Right of asylumRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannincrease: Right to work from registration of the asylum application (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
Europe and defence
- Place in the European UnionRousselother change: Challenge the treaties, Europe of sovereign and associated nations (document of the candidate’s party or movement)Glucksmannincrease: Federal leap: qualified majority instead of veto, own resources increased tenfold (public statement by the candidate)
- Defence budgetRousseldecrease: Stop « surarmement » [“over-armament”]: funds to hospitals and schools (public statement by the candidate)GlucksmannNo position recorded
- Support for UkraineRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannincrease: More aid to Ukraine, funded by the €210bn of frozen Russian assets (public statement by the candidate)
Overseas territories
- High cost of living overseasRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannincrease: Cap the prices of basic necessities (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
- Status and autonomy of the territoriesRousselNo position recordedGlucksmannother change: New Caledonia: return to the spirit of the Nouméa Accords (document of the candidate’s party or movement)
The gaps for this pair have not yet been classified by the editors (opposed, same direction, convergence): the comparison shows who takes a position, and the two positions can be read side by side.
* encoding being checked; ‡ encoding contested by the candidate’s team; — not addressed.
p. 14: page of the programme; stmt: public statement by the candidate, outside a written programme; assoc.: words of an associate, which do not formally commit the candidate; party: document of the candidate’s party or movement, distinct from a presidential programme.